Psychological and Behavioral Factors Involved in Temporomandibular Myalgia and Migraine: Common but Differentiated Profiles.

BACKGROUND: Many studies have revealed high comorbidity and a clear association between temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and migraine. Furthermore, evidence points out that common psychological and behavioral factors might be related to the observed TMD and migraine association. However, this association and the underlying psychological factors are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: The main goal of this study was to describe the psychological and behavioral factors involved in TMD myalgia and migraine. METHODS: A sample of 142 participants were recruited to form 4 groups: migraine patients (ICHD-III criteria), painful-TMD patients (Myalgia DC/TMD criteria), patients suffering from both pathologies according to the same criteria, and control patients. After a dental and neurological examination, the patients filled several psychological questionnaires validated for the Spanish population to assess anxiety (STAI), depression (DEP), stress coping (CRI), and somatic, anxiety, and depression symptoms (BSI-18). RESULTS: The TMD myalgia patients, in general, showed a state of elevated anxiety, somatization, and reduced coping strategies, while the patients with migraine presented greater anxiety symptoms, depression (dysthymia trait and state), and somatization. CONCLUSIONS: According to the data of the present study, situational anxiety (transient emotional state), together with the lack of coping strategies, could be more associated with TMD myalgia, while anxiety, as a more stable and long-lasting emotional state, together with depression, might be more related to migraine. Further longitudinal studies are needed to unravel whether these differentiated profiles are a consequence or possible risk factors for migraine and TMD.

Terapia fotodinámica para el tratamiento de lesiones orales potencialmente malignas / Photodynamic therapy for treatment of potentially malignant oral lesions

La terapia fotodinámica (TFD) es un método tópico, no invasivo y selectivo para lesiones orales potencialmente malignas, el objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica es el de revisar la evidencia científica existente sobre el empleo de la terapia fotodinámica (TFD) en el tratamiento de dichas lesiones orales. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en Pubmed, limitando la búsqueda a los últimos 20 años. Se incluyeron 24 artículos entre estudios y reportes de casos. Utilizando diferentes fuentes de luz para la activación del fotosensibilizante acumulado en las células a tratar, prácticamente todos los estudios revisados encontraron buenos resultados, clínicos y estéticos, con efectos adversos leves (dolor) y con reducciones tanto de la incidencia como de la gravedad de las lesiones orales encontradas.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a topical, non-invasive and selective method for potentially malignant oral lesions. The aim of this article is to present a literature review of the scientific evidence for the use of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the treatment of these oral lesions. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, limiting the search to the last 20 years. Finally, 24 articles including studies and case reports were selected. Using different light sources for the activation of the photosensitising agent accumulated in the cells to treat, practically all of the studies reviewed showed good clinical and aesthetic results, with minor adverse effects (pain) and with reductions in both incidence and severity of the oral lesions found.